To create motion in 2d or 3d from live actors is called Motion Capture. In this video the process is based on cartoons instead. The project “Motion Capturing Cartoons” was shown at Siggraph 2002. So it´s a bit old but I found it fun and interesting ! The project was made at Stanford Graphics Laboratory by Chris Bregler, Lorie Loeb, Erika Chuang and Hrishi Deshpande. Site: http://movement.stanford.edu/

Cartoon retargeting from Johan Borgström on Vimeo.